ಶ್ರೀ ಯಮಾಷ್ಟಕಂ
ಸಾವಿತ್ರ್ಯುವಾಚ |
ತಪಸಾ ಧರ್ಮಮಾರಾಧ್ಯ ಪುಷ್ಕರೇ ಭಾಸ್ಕರಃ ಪುರಾ |
ಧರ್ಮಂ ಸೂರ್ಯಃಸುತಂ ಪ್ರಾಪ ಧರ್ಮರಾಜಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೧ ||
ಸಮತಾ ಸರ್ವಭೂತೇಷು ಯಸ್ಯ ಸರ್ವಸ್ಯ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿಣಃ |
ಅತೋ ಯನ್ನಾಮ ಶಮನಮಿತಿ ತಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೨ ||
ಯೇನಾನ್ತಶ್ಚ ಕೃತೋ ವಿಶ್ವೇ ಸರ್ವೇಷಾಂ ಜೀವಿನಾಂ ಪರಮ್ |
ಕಾಮಾನುರೂಪಂ ಕಾಲೇನ ತಂ ಕೃತಾನ್ತಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೩ ||
ಬಿಭರ್ತಿ ದಂಡಂ ದಂಡಾಯ ಪಾಪಿನಾಂ ಶುದ್ಧಿಹೇತವೇ |
ನಮಾಮಿ ತಂ ದಂಡಧರಂ ಯಃ ಶಾಸ್ತಾ ಸರ್ವಜೀವಿನಾಮ್ || ೪ ||
ವಿಶ್ವಂ ಚ ಕಲಯತ್ಯೇವ ಯಃ ಸರ್ವೇಷು ಚ ಸಂತತಮ್ |
ಅತೀವ ದುರ್ನಿವಾರ್ಯಂ ಚ ತಂ ಕಾಲಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೫ ||
ತಪಸ್ವೀ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮನಿಷ್ಠೋ ಯಃ ಸಂಯಮೀ ಸಂಜಿತೇಂದ್ರಿಯಃ |
ಜೀವಾನಾಂ ಕರ್ಮಫಲದಸ್ತಂ ಯಮಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೬ ||
ಸ್ವಾತ್ಮಾರಾಮಶ್ಚ ಸರ್ವಜ್ಞೋ ಮಿತ್ರಂ ಪುಣ್ಯಕೃತಾಂ ಭವೇತ್ |
ಪಾಪಿನಾಂ ಕ್ಲೇಶದೋ ಯಸ್ತಂ ಪುಣ್ಯಮಿತ್ರಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೭ ||
ಯಜ್ಜನ್ಮ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಣೋಂಽಶೇನ ಜ್ವಲನ್ತಂ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮತೇಜಸಾ |
ಯೋ ಧ್ಯಾಯತಿ ಪರಂ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮ ತಮೀಶಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೮ ||
ಇತ್ಯುಕ್ತ್ವಾ ಸಾ ಚ ಸಾವಿತ್ರೀ ಪ್ರಣನಾಮ ಯಮಂ ಮುನೇ |
ಯಮಸ್ತಾಂ ಶಕ್ತಿಭಜನಂ ಕರ್ಮಪಾಕಮುವಾಚ ಹ || ೯ ||
ಇದಂ ಯಮಷ್ಟಕಂ ನಿತ್ಯಂ ಪ್ರಾತರುತ್ಥಾಯ ಯಃ ಪಠೇತ್ |
ಯಮಾತ್ತಸ್ಯ ಭಯಂ ನಾಸ್ತಿ ಸರ್ವಪಾಪಾತ್ಪ್ರಮುಚ್ಯತೇ || ೧೦ ||
ಮಹಾಪಾಪೀ ಯದಿ ಪಠೇನ್ನಿತ್ಯಂ ಭಕ್ತಿಸಮನ್ವಿತಃ |
ಯಮಃ ಕರೋತಿ ಸಂಶುದ್ಧಂ ಕಾಯವ್ಯೂಹೇನ ನಿಶ್ಚಿತಮ್ || ೧೧ ||
ಇತಿ ಶ್ರೀಮದ್ದೇವೀಭಾಗವತೇ ಮಹಾಪುರಾಣೇ ನವಮಸ್ಕಂಧೇ ಏಕತ್ರಿಂಶೋಽಧ್ಯಾಯಃ |
***
shrI hari vAyu gurubhyO namaH
Yamashataka by Savitri
Write up by Sri Hunsur Sriprasad
Yamaashtaka
This stotra praising Lord Yama is from the BrahmaVaivarta purana and is narrated by Vedavyasa devaru to Sage Narada. This stotra was made by Savitri devi after Lord Yama restores her husband back to life. As the stotra itself says, reciting this stotra with devotion in the morning confers many benefits - you will be freed of sins and will never have to visit Naraka (hell), you need not fear Yama or his messengers (yama-bhataru). Vedavyasa supports this and says that
even a terrible sinner will be freed of his sins.
Verse 1:
saavitryuvaacha
tapasaa dharmamaaraadhya puShkarE bhaaskaraH puraa |
dharmAMshaM yaM sutaM praapa dharmaraajaM namaamyaham || 1 ||
ಸಾವಿತ್ರ್ಯುವಾಚ
ತಪಸಾ ಧರ್ಮಮಾರಾಧ್ಯ ಪುಷ್ಕರೇ ಭಾಸ್ಕರಃ ಪುರಾ |
ಧರ್ಮಾಂಶಂ ಯಂ ಸುತಂ ಪ್ರಾಪ ಧರ್ಮರಾಜಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೧ ||
सावित्र्युवाच
तपसा धर्ममाराध्य पुष्करॆ भास्करः पुरा ।
धर्मांशं यं सुतं प्राप धर्मराजं नमाम्यहम् ॥ १ ॥
Meaning:
I salute that deity who:
- has an amsha of Dharma
- was obtained as a son by Bhaskara after performing penance towards Dharma (Vishnu) in
Pushkara kshetra in the past
- is called Dharmaraja
Notes:
In Gita, Lord Krishna says he has a vibhuti roopa in Yama ("YamaH samyataam aham").
Verse 2:
samataa sarvabhUtEShu yasya sarvasya saakShiNaH |
atO yannAma shamanaM iti taM praNamaamyaham || 2 ||
समता सर्वभूतॆषु यस्य सर्वस्य साक्षिणः ।
अतॊ यन्नाम शमनं इति तं प्रणमाम्यहम् ॥ २ ॥
ಸಮತಾ ಸರ್ವಭೂತೇಷು ಯಸ್ಯ ಸರ್ವಸ್ಯ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿಣಃ |
ಅತೋ ಯನ್ನಾಮ ಶಮನಂ ಇತಿ ತಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೨ ||
Meaning:
I salute with devotion that deity who:
- treats all living beings equally
- is the saakshi for everybody
- is called Shamana
Verse 3:
yEnaaMtashcha kRutO vishvE sarvEShaaM jIvinaaM param |
karmaa&nurUpa kaalEna taM kRutaaMtaM namaamyaham || 3 ||
ಯೇನಾಂತಶ್ಚ ಕೃತೋ ವಿಶ್ವೇ ಸರ್ವೇಷಾಂ ಜೀವಿನಾಂ ಪರಮ್ |
ಕರ್ಮಾಽಅಮ್ಪ್;ನುರೂಪ ಕಾಲೇನ ತಂ ಕೃತಾಂತಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೩ ||
यॆनांतश्च कृतॊ विश्वॆ सर्वॆषां जीविनां परम् ।
कर्माऽअम्प्;नुरूप कालॆन तं कृतांतं नमाम्यहम् ॥ ३ ॥
Meaning:
I salute that deity who
- terminates the lives of every being in the universe in accordance with their previous karmas
- is called Krutaanta
Notes:
The Ayushya (life span) of all beings is determined by their past sins and good deeds. Yama only
administers this equally across beings, without fear or favor.
Verse 4:
bibharti daNDaM daMDaaya paapinaaM shuddhi hEtavE |
namaami taM daNDadharaM yaH shaastaa sarva sarvakarmaNAm || 4 ||
बिभर्ति दण्डं दंडाय पापिनां शुद्धि हॆतवॆ ।
नमामि तं दण्डधरं यः शास्ता सर्व सर्वकर्मणाम् ॥ ४ ॥
ಬಿಭರ್ತಿ ದಣ್ಡಂ ದಂಡಾಯ ಪಾಪಿನಾಂ ಶುದ್ಧಿ ಹೇತವೇ |
ನಮಾಮಿ ತಂ ದಣ್ಡಧರಂ ಯಃ ಶಾಸ್ತಾ ಸರ್ವ ಸರ್ವಕರ್ಮಣಾಮ್ || ೪ ||
Meaning:
I salute that deity who
- carries the staff to punish sinners and cleanse them of their sins
- administers to every jiva, the results of the karmas (done by that jiva)
- is called Dandadhara
Verse 5:
vishvE yaH kalayatyEva sarvAyushchApi saMtatam |
atIva durnivaaryaM cha taM kaalaM praNamaamyaham || 5 ||
ವಿಶ್ವೇ ಯಃ ಕಲಯತ್ಯೇವ ಸರ್ವಾಯುಶ್ಚಾಪಿ ಸಂತತಮ್ |
ಅತೀವ ದುರ್ನಿವಾರ್ಯಂ ಚ ತಂ ಕಾಲಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೫ ||
विश्वॆ यः कलयत्यॆव सर्वायुश्चापि संततम् ।
अतीव दुर्निवार्यं च तं कालं प्रणमाम्यहम् ॥ ५ ||
Meaning:
I salute that deity who
- constantly reduces the ayushya of al living beings in the universe
- is inevitable and totally unavoidable
- is called kaala
Verse 6:
tapasvI vaiShNavO dharmI saMyamI vijitEMdriyaH |
jIvinaaM karmaphaladaM taM yamaM praNamaamyaham || 6 ||
तपस्वी वैष्णवॊ धर्मी संयमी विजितॆंद्रियः ।
जीविनां कर्मफलदं तं यमं प्रणमाम्यहम् ॥ ६ ॥
ತಪಸ್ವೀ ವೈಷ್ಣವೋ ಧರ್ಮೀ ಸಂಯಮೀ ವಿಜಿತೇಂದ್ರಿಯಃ |
ಜೀವಿನಾಂ ಕರ್ಮಫಲದಂ ತಂ ಯಮಂ ಪ್ರಣಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೬ ||
Meaning:
I salute that deity called Yama gives the results of actions performed by:
- tapasvis (those who perform differnt types of penance praised in shastra)
- Vaishnavas (devotees of Lord Vishnu)
- adherents of dharma
- those who have control over their emotions and indriyas (sensory organs)
Verse 7:
svaatmaaraamashcha sarvaj~jO mitraM puNyakRutaaM bhavEt |
paapinaM klEshadO yashcha puNyamitraM namaamyaham || 7 ||
ಸ್ವಾತ್ಮಾರಾಮಶ್ಚ ಸರ್ವಜ್ಞೋ ಮಿತ್ರಂ ಪುಣ್ಯಕೃತಾಂ ಭವೇತ್ |
ಪಾಪಿನಂ ಕ್ಲೇಶದೋ ಯಶ್ಚ ಪುಣ್ಯಮಿತ್ರಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೭ ||
स्वात्मारामश्च सर्वज्ञॊ मित्रं पुण्यकृतां भवॆत् ।
पापिनं क्लॆशदॊ यश्च पुण्यमित्रं नमाम्यहम् ॥ ७ ॥
Meaning:
I salute that deity who
- is always engrossed in the worship his antaryaami
- is Omniscient (knows all the karmas performed by jivas physically and mentally)
- is very friendly towards virtuous people who perform good deeds
- gives sorrow to sinners
- is called Punyamitra
Verse 8:
yajjanma brahmaNO vaMshE jwalaMtaM brahma tEjasaa |
yO dhyaayati paraM brahma brahmavaMshaM namaamyaham || 8 ||
यज्जन्म ब्रह्मणॊ वंशॆ ज्वलंतं ब्रह्म तॆजसा ।
यॊ ध्यायति परं ब्रह्म ब्रह्मवंशं नमाम्यहम् ॥ ८ ॥
ಯಜ್ಜನ್ಮ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಣೋ ವಂಶೇ ಜ್ವಲಂತಂ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮ ತೇಜಸಾ |
ಯೋ ಧ್ಯಾಯತಿ ಪರಂ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮವಂಶಂ ನಮಾಮ್ಯಹಮ್ || ೮ ||
Meaning:
I salute that deity who
- was born in the lineage of Lord Brahma
- who shines with the lustre of Brahma tejas (the lustre obtained by deep meditation and
penance)
- always meditates on para brahma (vishnu)
- gives sorrow to sinners
- is called Brahma-vamsha
Notes:
Kashyapa was the son of Brahma. Surya was his son. So Yama is Kashyapa's grandson and
Brahma's great grandson.
Verse 9:
phala shrutiH
ityuktvaa saa cha saavitrI praNanaama yamaM munE |
yamastaaM viShNu bhajanaM karmapaakamuvaacha ha || 9 ||
ಫಲ ಶ್ರುತಿಃ
ಇತ್ಯುಕ್ತ್ವಾ ಸಾ ಚ ಸಾವಿತ್ರೀ ಪ್ರಣನಾಮ ಯಮಂ ಮುನೇ |
ಯಮಸ್ತಾಂ ವಿಷ್ಣು ಭಜನಂ ಕರ್ಮಪಾಕಮುವಾಚ ಹ || ೯ ||
फल श्रुतिः
इत्युक्त्वा सा च सावित्री प्रणनाम यमं मुनॆ ।
यमस्तां विष्णु भजनं कर्मपाकमुवाच ह ॥ ९ ॥
Meaning:
Having said the above verses, Savitri prostrated before Yama with deep devotion. Yama blessed her with devotion toward Lord Vishnu and the characteristics of good conduct (meaning, what is dharma and what is adharma, a set of DOs and DONTs)
Notes:
This ends the portion composed by Savitri Devi. The lines following this are additional merits
highlighted by Vedavyasa to Narada muni.
Verse 10:
idaM yamaaShTakaM nityaM praatarutthaaya yaH paThEt |
yamaat tasya bhayaM naasti sarva paapaat pramuchyatE ||10||
इदं यमाष्टकं नित्यं प्रातरुत्थाय यः पठॆत् ।
यमात् तस्य भयं नास्ति सर्व पापात् प्रमुच्यतॆ ॥१०॥
ಇದಂ ಯಮಾಷ್ಟಕಂ ನಿತ್ಯಂ ಪ್ರಾತರುತ್ಥಾಯ ಯಃ ಪಠೇತ್ |
ಯಮಾತ್ ತಸ್ಯ ಭಯಂ ನಾಸ್ತಿ ಸರ್ವ ಪಾಪಾತ್ ಪ್ರಮುಚ್ಯತೇ ||೧೦||
Meaning:
A person who recites this Yamashatakam after waking up in the morning every day will be freed of all sins and will have nothing to fear from Yama.
Notes:
Since the stotra itself does not state any benefits directly, Vedavyasa highlights this to Narada.
Verse 11:
mahaapaapI yadi paThEnnityaM bhaktyaa cha naarada |
yamaH karOti taM shuddhaM kaaya vyUhEna nishchitam || 11 ||
ಮಹಾಪಾಪೀ ಯದಿ ಪಠೇನ್ನಿತ್ಯಂ ಭಕ್ತ್ಯಾ ಚ ನಾರದ |
ಯಮಃ ಕರೋತಿ ತಂ ಶುದ್ಧಂ ಕಾಯ ವ್ಯೂಹೇನ ನಿಶ್ಚಿತಮ್ || ೧೧ ||
महापापी यदि पठॆन्नित्यं भक्त्या च नारद ।
यमः करॊति तं शुद्धं काय व्यूहॆन निश्चितम् ॥ ११ ॥
Meaning:
O Narada, if a great sinner recites this devotion, Yama will definitely cleanse him (of all sins) by the time he discards his body.
Notes:
Narada had no doubts about the efficacy of this stotra when recited by ordinary people but he was not sure if it would work in the case of a very great sinner. Vedavyasa clarifies this doubt and confirms its efficacy even when recited by great sinners. The point to note that this stotra would not be recited by a really vile person. Only a sinner who is genuinely repentant and feels very sorry for his bad actions would be attracted towards this stotra.
इति श्री ब्रह्म वैवर्त महापुराणे प्रकृति खंडॆ सावित्री कृत श्री
यमाष्ठकं संपूर्णं
ಇತಿ ಶ್ರೀ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮ ವೈವರ್ತ ಮಹಾಪುರಾಣೆ ಪ್ರಕೃತಿ ಖಂಡೇ ಸಾವಿತ್ರೀ ಕೃತ ಶ್ರೀ
ಯಮಾಷ್ಠಕಂ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣಂ
iti shrI brahma vaivarta mahApurANe prakRuti khaMDE sAvitrI kRuta shrI
yamAShThakaM saMpUrNaM
This ends the Yamashtaka composed by Savitri devi in the Prakruti Khanda of
Brahma vaivarta maha purana.
bhAratI ramaNa mukhyaprANAntargata shrI kRuShNArpaNamastu
*******
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